Conjunction
Conjunction adalah kata sambung yang berfungsi menghubungkan
dua kalimat, kata, frase atau lebih. Beberapa bentik conjunction adalah :
a.
Besides (preposisi)
Semakna dengan ‘in addition to’ yang
berarti ‘lagi pula’, ‘selain’ yang
berfungsi menambah informasi. Kata ini mengawali noun/promoun/gerund.
Ex :
besides doing the cooking, I look after the
garden.
Besides this house, Fini has a beach home.
Besides being good at sport, Setiawan is a
good student.
Besides (adverb)
Berarti ‘lagi pula’ , mengawali klausa. I
can’t go now, I am busy. Besides, my passport is out of date.
Ex : Fitri doesn’t want to go, besides she has already been
there.
Kata ‘moreover’ bisa menggantikan ‘besides’
dalam situasi yang formal.
b.
However (namun demikian)
Mengawali kata sifat/kata keterangan.
Pernyataan yang diawali ‘however’ berkontradiksi dengan pernyataan lainnya.
Ex : You couldn’t earn much, however hard
you work.
However semakin semakna dengan ‘but’ ,
‘nevertheless’ yang mana sering mengawali suatu kalimat.
I’d like to go; however, I don’t have the
time.
c.
Otherwise (sebaliknya, kalau tidak)
Menyatakan kemungkinan akibat yang tidak
diharapkan kalau pernyataan sebelumnya/lainnya tidak terpenuhi.
Ex : We must be early; otherwise, we
won’t get seat.
Conjunction ‘or’ bisa menggantikan
kedudukan otherwise, selain menyatakan pilihan.
Ex : You go with me, or you stay here
alone.
d.
So (sehingga, oleh karena itu, maknanya)
Menunjukkan akibat yang terjadi dari
pernyataan sebelumnya.
Ex : Our cases were too heavy, so we took a
taxi.
Apabila ‘so’ mengawali kata sifat
(adjective)/adverb (keterangan) ‘so’ harus dirangkai dengan kata ‘that’ dan
membentuk arti ‘begitu..., sehingga...’
Ex : They ran so fast that I couldn’t beat
them. (I couldn’t beat them because they ran fast).
e.
Therefore (oleh karenanya)
Therefore mengawali kalimat yang
menunjukkan akibat dalam suatu kalimat sebab-akibat.
Ex : There is fog at Chicago; Therefore,
the place has been diverted.
Conjunction consequently hampir sama dengan
‘therefore’.
f.
Still dan Yet
Sebagai conjunction mempunyai arti sama
yaitu ‘namun’ menunjukkan sesuatu yang kontradiksi.
Ex : They are ugly and expensive;
yet/still, people buy them.
g.
Though/although , inspite of/despite (walaupun)
Menunjukkan kalimat yang bertentangan.
Although selamanya diikuti klausa sedangkan inspite of/despite mengawali frase
(noun/pronoun/gerund).
Ex :
Though/although he had no qualification, he
got the job.
In spite of having no qualification, he got
the job.
Although it was windy, he continued the
cruise.
Inspite of/despite the wind, he continued
the cruised.
h.
- For (optional), because, since, as (karena)
Digunakan dalam kalimat sebab-akibat
Ex : Since/because it was wet, he took a
tax, the days were short, for/since it was not December.
- Pattern
Because / as/ since + clause (S+ V + obj)
due to +
phrase (noun phrase/ obj/ gerund/ pronoun)
Ex :
Because I found out that not all the
workshop participants knew about today’s schedule, I got my secretary to
distribute it right away.
Because of urgent appoinment with the
doctor, I couldn’t lend you my car.
i.
As/ when/ while (ketika, tatkala, sementara)
Menunjukkan waktu saat terjadinya sesuatu.
Ex : My father came as/ when I was
studying.
Namun terkadang ‘as’ bisa bermakna ganda:
tatkala atau karena.
Ex : As student, he had known great
proverty.
j.
And (dan)
Menggabungkan dua buah kata atau kalimat
klausa yang mempunyai bentuk dan d=fungsi setara.
Ex :
I know Dody as awfully loyal employee and a
very hard worker.
He tried to preserve the environment for
future generation by purifying the air and replanting forest.
He took my injured brother and called my
parents.
k.
Where as (padahal)
Ex : She can’t travel where as she has a lot
of money.
Exercise
- The hotel provides good facilities still my wife
...
a. Has enjoyed staying thereb. Has her friends move to this hotelc. Has prolonged her stay thered. Has so much to complain about
- ___ Andi loves Amel very much, he always
pretends to ignore her.
a. Besidesb. Even thoughc. Despited. Moreover
- He said that he had spent all his money on books,
___ , he could have taken his girlfriend to a good restaurant.
a. Becauseb. Untilc. So thatd. While
-
My friend doesn’t earn much, ___ he can afford
to make a trip abroad.
a. Moreoverb. Furthermorec. Howeverd. While
-
The witness suspect wanted to tell the police
the truth ___ he was afraid.
a. Sob. Otherwisec. Neverthlessd. Therefore
-
___ he is a successful bussinesman, he always
lacks money.
a. Whileb. Sincec. Althoughd. Because
Ganesha Operation. 2010. “REVOLUSI BELAJAR : KODING”. Bandung : Ganesha Operation.
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